ACTIVITY activity spectrum | association with Pen/Strep | cytotoxicity

 

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY SPECTRUM OF NORMOCIN:

The in vitro antimicrobial activity of Normocin tested against different mycoplasmas, Gram+ bacteria, Gram– bacteria and fungi is reported in the following table.
To prevent microbial contamination, using Normocin at 100 µg/ml is advised.

Sensitive
from 2 to 25µg/ml
Sensitive
from 5 to 100µg/ml
Resistant
 
Slow growing microbial contaminants
Fast growing microbial contaminants
   
 
Mollicutes:
mycoplasmas & acholeplasmas

M. arginini ATCC 23838
M. fermentans ATCC 19989
M. hyorhinis ATCC 17981
M. bovis NCTC 10131
M. orale ATCC 23714
A. laidlawii ATCC 23206
Bacteria:
strains from ATCC or isolated from clinical samples

Staphylococcus capitis
S. aureus ATCC 25923
S. epidermidis
E. faecalis ATCC 29212
Bacillus subtilis

Escherichia coli
Enterobacter cloacae
Serratia marcescens

P. aeruginosa (wild strains)
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Yeasts and Molds:
strains isolated from clinical or environmental samples

Candida albicans
Candida parapsilosis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Aspergillus orizae

Bacteria:
isolated from clinical samples
  

Staphylococcus MetiR

Pseudomonas aeruginosa *
Acinetobacter baumannii *

 * Some strains can be multi-resistant

 

ASSOCIATION with PEN / STREP :

Normocin can be added to penicillin/streptomycin preparations :

  • To expand the activity spectrum of this mixture especially against mycoplasmas and fungi
  • Or to obtain a broader antibacterial spectrum against multi-resistant bacteria such as some Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

The following tables compare the in vitro antimicrobial activity of Normocin (NO), Penicillin/Streptomycin (PS) and Normocin+Penicillin/Streptomycin (NO+PS) against a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a clinical sample.

Different suspensions of multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been inoculated during 5 days in cell culture media DMEM or RPMI supplemented with NO, PS or NO+PS at their working concentration.

 

Table 1 : DMEM media
Inoculum size of multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (cfu/ml)
0 103 104 105
Days of growth in media
3 days 5 days 3 days 5 days 3 days 5 days 3 days 5 days
DMEM - - + + + + + +
DMEM + NO - - + + + + + +
DMEM + PS - - + + + + + +
DMEM + NO+ PS - - - - - - - +

 

 

Table 2 : RPMI media
Inoculum size of multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (cfu/ml)
0 103 104 105
Days of growth in media
3 days 5 days 3 days 5 days 3 days 5 days 3 days 5 days
RPMI - - + + + + + +
RPMI + NO - - + + + + + +
RPMI + PS - - - - + + + +
RPMI + NO+ PS - - - - - - - -

 

-
No growth observed in the liquid culture
+
 Growth observed in the liquid culture
  Bactericidal activity
  Incomplete bactericidal activity (after subculture of the liquid culture some bacteria grew on agar plate)
  No activity

 

In DMEM and RPMI cell culture media, the association of Normocin + penicillin/streptomycin is more active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa than Normocin or penicillin/streptomycin used alone.

 

CYTOTOXICITY :

To date, no Normocin toxicity to treated cell-lines has ever been reported.

Examples of cell lines propagated in Normocin-supplemented culture media:

Cell lines propagated with a permanent adjonction of Normocin at 100 µg/ml
293 Transformed primary embryonal kidney Human
HepG2 Hepatocellular carcinoma Human
HeLa Epitheloid carcinoma, cervix Human
K562 Chronic myelogenous leukemia Human
Jurkat Acute T cell leukemia Human
CHO Ovary Hamster
PC 1.0 Pancreas adenocarcinoma Hamster
Raw 264.7 Monocyte-macrophage Mouse
C26 Colon adenocarcinoma Mouse
C2C12 Muscle myoblast Mouse
B16 Melanoma Mouse
C6 Glial tumor cell Rat

Normocin is compatible with penicillin/streptomycin solutions. To date, no data on toxicity of the association of Normocin with penicillin/streptomycin to cell lines being treated have been reported.